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Selenium deficiency occurs when an organism lacks the required levels of selenium, a critical nutrient in many species.Deficiency, although relatively rare in healthy well-nourished individuals, [1] can have significant negative results, [2] affecting the health of the heart and the nervous system; contributing to depression, anxiety, and dementia; and interfering with reproduction and gestation.
Selenium is a component of the amino acids selenocysteine and selenomethionine. In humans, selenium is a trace element nutrient that functions as cofactor for glutathione peroxidases and certain forms of thioredoxin reductase. [1] Selenium-containing proteins are produced from inorganic selenium via the intermediacy of selenophosphate (PSeO 3 3 ...
Selenium deficiency: Significant negative results, [29] affecting the health of the heart, Keshan disease and the nervous system; contributing to depression, anxiety, and dementia; and interfering with reproduction and gestation. People dependent on food grown from selenium-deficient soil may be at risk for deficiency. [30] Sodium deficiency
Selenium is found in metal sulfide ores, where it substitutes for sulfur. Commercially, selenium is produced as a byproduct in the refining of these ores. Minerals that are pure selenide or selenate compounds are rare. The chief commercial uses for selenium today are glassmaking and pigments. Selenium is a semiconductor and is used in photocells.
It may be treated with selenium supplementation, but there is a 30–45% mortality rate. [7] Other sequelae include aspiration pneumonia, failure of passive transfer, and stunting of growth. Clinical laboratory changes include evidence of rhabdomyolysis (elevated CK and AST, myoglobinuria ) and low blood selenium levels.
The biology of depression is the attempt to identify a biochemical origin of depression, as opposed to theories that emphasize psychological or situational causes. Scientific studies have found that different brain areas show altered activity in humans with major depressive disorder (MDD) . [ 1 ]
iodine deficiency / iodism (hyperthyroidism [31]) Molybdenum: 0.045 2; 0.6 Required for the functioning of xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and sulfite oxidase [32] Legumes, whole grains, nuts [29] molybdenum deficiency / molybdenum toxicity [33] Selenium: 0.055 0.4; 0.3 Essential to activity of antioxidant enzymes like glutathione peroxidase
Micronutrient deficiency is defined as the sustained insufficient supply of vitamins and minerals needed for growth and development, as well as to maintain optimal health. Since some of these compounds are considered essentials (we need to obtain them from the diet), micronutrient deficiencies are often the result of an inadequate intake.