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The siege of Naxos (499 BC) was a failed attempt by the Milesian tyrant Aristagoras, operating with support from, and in the name of the Persian Empire of Darius the Great, to conquer the island of Naxos.
Herodotus describes Naxos circa 500 BC as the most prosperous Greek island. [9] In 499 BC, an unsuccessful attack on Naxos by Persian forces led several prominent men in the Greek cities of Ionia to rebel against the Persian Empire in the Ionian Revolt, and then to the Persian War between Greece and Persia.
Aristagoras fell out with Megabates on the journey towards Naxos, and Herodotus says that Megabates then sent messengers to Naxos, warning the Naxians of the force's intention. [25] It is also possible, however, that this story was spread by Aristagoras after the event, by way of a justification for the subsequent failure of the campaign. [ 2 ]
The first member of the league to attempt to secede was the island of Naxos in c. 471 BC. [41] After being defeated, Naxos is believed (based on similar, later revolts) to have been forced to tear down its walls along with losing its fleet and vote in the League.
Miletus and Naxos are shown. By the time extant history hears of him, Aristagoras was already serving as deputy governor of Miletus , a polis on the western coast of Anatolia around 500 BC. He was the son of Molpagoras, a previous tyrant of an independent Miletus.
The dating of Naxos is intimately connected with two other events in the Greek world which occurred at the same time. Thucydides claims that Pausanias , having been stripped of his command after the siege of Byzantium , returned to Byzantium as a private citizen soon after and took command of the city until he was expelled by the Athenians.
At the Battle of Naxos (376 BC) the new Athenian fleet of Chabrias decisively defeated the Spartans. This was the beginning of Athens's recovery of its Aegean hegemony following its loss in the Peloponnesian War .
In 499 BC, the then-tyrant of Miletus, Aristagoras, launched a joint expedition with the Persian satrap Artaphernes to conquer Naxos, in an attempt to bolster his position in Miletus. The mission was a debacle, and sensing his imminent removal as tyrant, Aristagoras chose to incite the whole of Ionia into rebellion against the Persian king ...