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Vitamin B 12 deficiency is quite common after gastric bypass surgery with reported rates of 30% in some clinical trials. [journal 13] Sublingual B 12 (cyanocobalamin) appears to be adequately absorbed. In cases where sublingual B 12 does not provide sufficient amounts, injections may be needed. Protein malnutrition is a real risk.
In general surgery, a Roux-en-Y anastomosis, or Roux-en-Y, is an end-to-side surgical anastomosis of bowel used to reconstruct the gastrointestinal tract. Typically, it is between stomach and small bowel that is distal (or further down the gastrointestinal tract) from the cut end. [1]
Sleeve gastrectomy was originally performed as a modification to another bariatric procedure, the duodenal switch, and then later as the first part of a two-stage gastric bypass operation on extremely obese patients for whom the risk of performing gastric bypass surgery was deemed too large. The initial weight loss in these patients was so ...
This procedure is similar to the sleeve gastrectomy surgery, but a sleeve is created by suturing, rather than physically removing stomach tissue. [73] This allows for the natural ability of the stomach to absorb nutrients to remain intact. [73] This procedure is reversible, is a less invasive procedure, and does not use hardware or staples. [74]
Iron-deficiency anemia can occur as the stomach normally converts iron into its absorbable form. [2] Another side effect is the loss of ghrelin production, which has been shown to be compensated after a while. [3] Lastly, this procedure is post-operatively associated with decreased bone density and higher incidence of bone fractures.
Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. [3] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, short of breath, or having decreased ability to exercise. [1]
Iron deficiency, or sideropenia, is the state in which a body lacks enough iron to supply its needs. Iron is present in all cells in the human body and has several vital functions, such as carrying oxygen to the tissues from the lungs as a key component of the hemoglobin protein, acting as a transport medium for electrons within the cells in the form of cytochromes, and facilitating oxygen ...
However, B 12 deficiency after gastric surgery does not usually become a clinical issue. This is probably because the body stores many years' worth of B 12 in the liver and gastric surgery patients are adequately supplemented with the vitamin. [44] [45]