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Multinucleate cells (also known as multinucleated cells or polynuclear cells) are eukaryotic cells that have more than one nucleus, i.e., multiple nuclei share one common cytoplasm. Mitosis in multinucleate cells can occur either in a coordinated, synchronous manner where all nuclei divide simultaneously or asynchronously where individual ...
Coenocyte of Sphaeroforma arctica Botrydium, showing a coenocytic body. A coenocyte (/ ˈ s iː n ə ˌ s aɪ t /) is a multinucleate cell which can result from multiple nuclear divisions without their accompanying cytokinesis, in contrast to a syncytium, which results from cellular aggregation followed by dissolution of the cell membranes inside the mass. [1]
A classic example of a syncytium is the formation of skeletal muscle.Large skeletal muscle fibers form by the fusion of thousands of individual muscle cells. The multinucleated arrangement is important in pathologic states such as myopathy, where focal necrosis (death) of a portion of a skeletal muscle fiber does not result in necrosis of the adjacent sections of that same skeletal muscle ...
A giant cell (also known as a multinucleated giant cell, or multinucleate giant cell) is a mass formed by the union of several distinct cells (usually histiocytes), often forming a granuloma. [ 1 ] Although there is typically a focus on the pathological aspects of multinucleate giant cells (MGCs), they also play many important physiological roles.
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Other multinucleate cells in the human are osteoclasts a type of bone cell. Multinucleated and binucleated cells can also be abnormal in humans; for example, cells arising from the fusion of monocytes and macrophages, known as giant multinucleated cells, sometimes accompany inflammation [79] and are also implicated in tumor formation. [80]
Monokaryotic (adj.) is a term used to refer to multinucleate cells where all nuclei are genetically identical. In multinucleate cells, nuclei share one common cytoplasm, as is found in hyphal cells or mycelium of filamentous fungi.
In evolutionary biology, the term cellularization (cellularisation) has been used in theories to explain the evolution of cells, for instance in the pre-cell theory, [1] [2] [3] dealing with the evolution of the first cells on this planet, and in the syncytial theory [4] attempting to explain the origin of Metazoa from unicellular organisms.