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Ranging rod and Offset rod. A ranging rod, or range rod, is a surveying instrument used for marking the position of stations, and for sightings of those stations, as well as for ranging straight lines. [1] Initially these were made of light, thin, and straight bamboo, or of well seasoned wood such as teak, pine, or deodar.
Instruments used in surveying include: Alidade; Alidade table; Cosmolabe; Dioptra; Dumpy level; Engineer's chain; Geodimeter; Graphometer; Groma (surveying) Laser scanning; Level; Level staff; Measuring tape; Plane table; Pole (surveying) Prism (surveying) (corner cube retroreflector) Prismatic compass (angle measurement) Ramsden surveying ...
Topographer's rods are special purpose rods used in topographical surveys. The rod has the zero mark at mid-height and the graduations increase in both directions away from the mid-height. In use, the rod is adjusted so that the zero point is level with the instrument (or the surveyor's eye if he is using a hand level for low-resolution work).
in surveying (and scientific fields that use surveying techniques, such as geology and ecology) for a vertical rod that penetrates or sits on the ground and supports a compass or other instrument. The simplest use of a Jacob's staff is to make qualitative judgements of the height and angle of an object relative to the user of the staff.
Surveying equipment, such as levels and theodolites, are used for accurate measurement of angular deviation, horizontal, vertical and slope distances. With computerisation, electronic distance measurement (EDM) , total stations , GNSS surveying and laser scanning have supplemented (and to a large extent supplanted) the traditional optical ...
Also call a rod. Reduced level (RL) – equating elevations of survey points with reference to a common assumed datum. The elevation is positive or negative according as point lies above or below datum. Spirit level – instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal (level) or vertical (plumb). While used by surveyors ...
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The level must be horizontal to get a valid measurement. Because of this, if the horizontal crosshair of the instrument is lower than the base of the rod, the surveyor will not be able to sight the rod and get a reading. The rod can usually be raised up to 25 feet high, allowing the level to be set much higher than the base of the rod.