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A 19th-century jail room at a Pennsylvania museum. A prison, [a] also known as a jail, [b] gaol, [c] penitentiary, detention center, [d] correction center, correctional facility, remand center, hoosegow, or slammer, is a facility where people are imprisoned under the authority of the state, usually as punishment for various crimes.
The legislature generally sets a short, mandatory minimum sentence that an offender must spend in prison (e.g. one-third of the minimum sentence, or one-third of the high end of a sentence). The parole board then sets the actual date of prison release, as well as the rules that the parolee must follow when released.
In the 18th century, English philanthropists began to focus on the reform of convicted criminals in prison, whom they believed needed a chance to become morally pure to stop or slow crime. Since at least 1740, some of these philosophers have thought of solitary confinement as a way to create and maintain spiritually clean people in prisons.
The Justice Secretary announced plans in July to temporarily cut the proportion of sentences inmates must serve behind bars from 50% to 40%.
Prison governors say it is ‘inevitable’ spaces will run out as male population rises by 400 in a fortnight Just 557 prison spaces left and ‘criminals to be spared jail’ as population hits ...
The differences in male and female prison populations and social structure impact the correctional officers of the institutions as well as the inmates. Officers' views on certain emotional or sexual relationships, for instance, can cause them to treat members of pseudo-families in woman's prisons differently than they do the general population ...
Jacksonian-era reformers and prison officials began seeking the origins of crime in the personal histories of criminals and traced the roots of crime to society itself. [106] In the words of historian David Rothman , "They were certain that children lacking discipline quickly fell victim to the influence of vice at loose in the community."
Prison social hierarchy refers to the social status of prisoners within a correctional facility, and how that status is used to exert power over other inmates.A prisoner's place in the hierarchy is determined by a wide array of factors including previous crimes, access to contraband, affiliation with prison gangs, and physical or sexual domination of other prisoners.