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Additional classifications used to describe toxins include enterotoxin, neurotoxin, leukocidin or hemolysin which indicate where in the host's body the toxin targets. Enterotoxins target the intestines, neurotoxins target neurons, leukocidin target leukocytes (white blood cells), and hemolysins target red blood cells.
Biological warfare, also known as germ warfare, is the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, insects, and fungi with the intent to kill, harm or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war. [1]
They are used to study the efficiency of various dissemination techniques or the risks caused by the use of biological agents in bioterrorism. [7] To simulate dispersal, attachment or the penetration depth in human or animal lungs, simulants must have particle sizes, specific weight and surface properties, similar to the simulated biological agent.
Virucides are not intended for use inside the body, [33] [34] and most are disinfectants that are not intended for use on the surface of the body. [35] Most substances are toxic. [ 3 ] None of the listed substances replaces vaccination [ 36 ] [ 37 ] [ 38 ] or antiviral drugs , if available.
Thallium compounds such as thallium sulfate have been used for impregnating wood and leather to kill fungal spores and bacteria, and for the protection of textiles from attack by moths. [24] Thallium sulfate has been used as a depilatory and in the treatment of venereal disease, skin fungal infections, and tuberculosis.
Bromobenzyl cyanide (BBC), also known in the military idiom as camite (CA), is an obsolete lachrymatory agent [1] introduced in World War I by the Allied Powers, being a standard agent, along with chloroacetophenone, adopted by the CWS. [2]
The blood of people killed by blood agents is bright red, because the agents inhibit the use of the oxygen in it by the body's cells. [2] Cyanide poisoning can be detected by the presence of thiocyanate or cyanide in the blood, a smell of bitter almonds, or respiratory tract inflammations and congestions in the case of cyanogen chloride ...
alcohols with or without antiseptic additives, used mainly for skin antisepsis, weak organic acids such as sorbic acid, benzoic acid, lactic acid and salicylic acid; some phenolic compounds, such as hexachlorophene, triclosan and Dibromol, and; cationic surfactants, such as 0.05–0.5% benzalkonium, 0.5–4% chlorhexidine, 0.1–2% octenidine ...