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Valerian has been used in herbal medicine for insomnia and conditions associated with anxiety; however, there is no good evidence that it is effective for these purposes. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The chemical is 3-methylbutyric acid, also known as isovaleric acid or isopentanoic acid.
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Valerian (V. officinalis) essential oil. Although valerian is a common traditional medicine used for treating insomnia, there is no good evidence it is effective for this purpose. [3] [5] [21] Valerian has not been shown to be helpful in treating restless leg syndrome [22] or anxiety. [23]
Valerian: garden valerian, garden heliotrope, all-heal Valeriana officinalis "drowsiness, GI upset, headache, palpitations, insomnia", [3] oversedation, overstimulation [16] Vasambu sweet flag Acorus calamus: Vomiting and nausea [22] Yohimbe: yohimbine Pausinystalia johimbe: rapid heart rate, hypertension, hypotension, heart problems, death [4]
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Validol, the anxiety medication containing a roughly 25% solution of menthol in menthyl isovalerate is prepared essentially in one step, in which the amount of menthol added before conducting the acid catalysed esterification is in an excess such that the resulting solution of the yielded ester has around 25% menthol, simplifying the procedure.
It is also known as Alpine valerian and valerian spikenard. [5] It is endemic to the Eastern Alps (V. celtica subsp. norica) and to the Graian and Pennine Alps. [citation needed] It grows as a perennial herb [6] 5 to 15 cm (2.0–5.9 in) tall. Along with Valeriana saxatilis and Valeriana elongata, it forms a clade of dioecious plants. [7]
Valerian (herb) – A study conducted in the UK in 2001 showed that valerian root significantly improved stress induced insomnia, but as a side effect greatly increased the vividness of dreams. This study concluded that valerian root affects REM due to natural chemicals and essential oils that stimulate serotonin and opioid receptors.