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hdparm is a command line program for Linux to set and view ATA hard disk drive hardware parameters and test performance. [2] [3] It can set parameters such as drive caches, sleep mode, power management, acoustic management, and DMA settings. GParted [citation needed] and Parted Magic both include hdparm. [4]
On SCSI hard disk drives, the SCSI controller can directly control spin up and spin down of the drives. Some Parallel ATA (PATA) and Serial ATA (SATA) hard disk drives support power-up in standby (PUIS): each drive does not spin up until the controller or system BIOS issues a specific command to do so. This allows the system to be set up to ...
Read errors on a sector will not remap the sector immediately (since the correct value cannot be read and so the value to remap is not known, and also it might become readable later); instead, the drive firmware remembers that the sector needs to be remapped, and will remap it the next time it has been successfully read. [76]
However, S.M.A.R.T. parameters alone may not be useful for predicting individual drive failures. [16] While several S.M.A.R.T. parameters affect failure probability, a large fraction of failed drives do not produce predictive S.M.A.R.T. parameters. [16] Unpredictable breakdown may occur at any time in normal use, with potential loss of all data.
INT 13h is shorthand for BIOS interrupt call 13 hex, the 20th interrupt vector in an x86-based (IBM PC-descended) computer system.The BIOS typically sets up a real mode interrupt handler at this vector that provides sector-based hard disk and floppy disk read and write services using cylinder-head-sector (CHS) addressing.
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File Allocation Table (FAT) is a file system developed for personal computers and was the default file system for the MS-DOS and Windows 9x operating systems. [citation needed] Originally developed in 1977 for use on floppy disks, it was adapted for use on hard disks and other devices.
Deletes the FAT entries and the root directory of the drive/partition, and reformats it for MS-DOS. In most cases, this should only be used on floppy drives or other removable media. This command can potentially erase everything on a computer's drive. The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later. [1]