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The Seikilos epitaph is an Ancient Greek inscription that preserves the oldest surviving complete musical composition, including musical notation. [1] Commonly dated between the 1st and 2nd century AD, the inscription was found engraved on a pillar ( stele ) from the ancient Hellenistic town of Tralles (present-day Turkey ) in 1883.
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Fragments of both hymns in the Delphi Archaeological Museum. The Delphic Hymns are two musical compositions from Ancient Greece, which survive in substantial fragments.They were long regarded as being dated c. 138 BC and 128 BC, respectively, but recent scholarship has shown it likely they were both written for performance at the Athenian Pythaids in 128 BC. [1]
ca. 1st century – Seikilos epitaph, the oldest surviving complete piece of music; late 3rd century – Oxyrhynchus hymn, the earliest known Christian hymn to contain both lyrics and musical notation [9] 387 – Te Deum, early Christian hymn
The article says that the tombstone and the epigrams were dedicated from Seikilos to his "(most probably) wife, Euterpe.", because "Seikilos Euterpei" means "(from)" Seikilos to Euterpe". However, Euterpe is the name of the Greek muse of music. So, perhaps Seikilos dedicated the musical composition to music itself, and not to a woman...
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The Epitaph of Seikilos, dated to the first century AD, found with the original music in the ancient Greek notation, is the oldest complete example of ancient Greek music. [5] [6] Although often referred to as a skolion, its context as a short tombstone inscription scarcely suggests such a characterisation. It is, rather, an epigram.