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But in some cases, external factors — like stress — can affect hair, causing everything from thinning hair and a wider part, to a receding hairline, hair falling out in clumps or even patches ...
Perhaps the most well-known condition to cause hair loss is alopecia, which, Massick explains, “causes your own immune system to attack the hair follicles [so that] the hairs just fall out ...
At this point, the strand may or may not fall out. At the same time, a new hair starts to form in the follicle. Finally, the hair falls out during the exogen phase (aka the shedding phase).
A hair pulled out in this phase will have the bulb of keratin attached to it which appears as a small white ball on the end of the hair. This process cuts the hair off from its blood supply and from the cells that produce new hair. When a club hair is completely formed, about a 2-week process, the hair follicle enters the telogen phase.
In alopecia areata, a hair follicle is attacked by the immune system. T-cells swarm the roots, killing the follicle. This causes the hair to fall out and parts of the head to become bald. Alopecia areata is thought to be a systemic autoimmune disorder in which the body attacks its own anagen hair follicles and suppresses or stops hair growth. [22]
Poliosis circumscripta, commonly referred to as a "white forelock", is a condition characterized by localized patches of white hair due to a reduction or absence of melanin in hair follicles. Although traditionally associated with the scalp, poliosis can affect any hairy area on the body, including eyebrows, eyelashes, and beards.
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