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A reflex blink is not necessarily a conscious blink either; however it does happen faster than a spontaneous blink. [1] Reflex blink may occur in response to tactile stimuli (e.g., corneal, eyelash, skin of eyelid, contact with eyebrow), optical stimuli (e.g. dazzle reflex, [20] or menace reflex) or auditory stimuli (e.g., menace reflex).
The corneal reflex, also known as the blink reflex or eyelid reflex, [1] is an involuntary blinking of the eyelids elicited by stimulation of the cornea (such as by touching or by a foreign body), though it could result from any peripheral stimulus. Stimulation should elicit both a direct and consensual response (response of the opposite eye).
Humans tend to blink between 15-20 times a minute, and as we've already mentioned, it's an essential thing we do automatically to keep our eyes in good condition.
Dehydration, mental activities, work conditions, room temperature, relative humidity, and illumination all influence blink frequency. Break-up time (BUT) is another major measure of eye irritation and tear film stability. [74] It is defined as the time interval (in seconds) between blinking and rupture.
Blepharospasm is often associated with dry eyes, but the causal mechanism is still not clear. [16] [8] Research in New York and Italy suggests that increased blinking (which may be triggered by dry eyes) leads to blepharospasm. [24] [25] A case control study in China found that blepharospasm aggravated dry eyes. [26]
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The ocular Protection Index can be calculated by dividing tear break-up time by inter blink interval (IBI). [9] If the inter blink interval and TBUT are same dividing both give a value of 1.0. If TBUT is more than IBI, value will be more than 1.0, so dryness will not occur. A patient is at risk of developing dry eye and if the OPI is < 1.0. [8]
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