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Frequencies observed in astronomy range from 2.4 × 10 23 Hz (1 GeV gamma rays) down to the local plasma frequency of the ionized interstellar medium (~1 kHz). Wavelength is inversely proportional to the wave frequency, [ 1 ] so gamma rays have very short wavelengths that are fractions of the size of atoms , whereas wavelengths on the opposite ...
Infrared spectroscopy examines absorption and transmission of photons in the infrared range. [9] Infrared radiation is used in industrial, scientific, military, commercial, and medical applications. Night-vision devices using active near-infrared illumination allow people or animals to be observed without the observer being detected.
In the near-infrared range liquid water has absorption bands around 1950 nm (5128 cm −1), 1450 nm (6896 cm −1), 1200 nm (8333 cm −1) and 970 nm, (10300 cm −1). [ 19 ] [ 20 ] [ 15 ] The regions between these bands can be used in near-infrared spectroscopy to measure the spectra of aqueous solutions, with the advantage that glass is ...
Thus, higher frequency photons have more energy. For example, a 10 20 Hz gamma ray photon has 10 19 times the energy of a 10 1 Hz extremely low frequency radio wave photon. The effects of EMR upon chemical compounds and biological organisms depend both upon the radiation's power and its frequency.
In terms of frequency, this corresponds to a band in the vicinity of 400–790 terahertz. These boundaries are not sharply defined and may vary per individual. [4] Under optimal conditions, these limits of human perception can extend to 310 nm (ultraviolet) and 1100 nm (near infrared). [5] [6] [7]
Above 300 GHz, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by Earth's atmosphere is so great that the atmosphere is effectively opaque, until it becomes transparent again in the near-infrared and optical window frequency ranges. These ITU radio bands are defined in the ITU Radio Regulations. Article 2, provision No. 2.1 states that "the radio ...
Near-IR absorption spectrum of dichloromethane showing complicated overlapping overtones of mid IR absorption features.. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a spectroscopic method that uses the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum (from 780 nm to 2500 nm). [1]
Far infrared (FIR) or long wave refers to a specific range within the infrared spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. It encompasses radiation with wavelengths ranging from 15 μm (micrometers) to 1 mm, which corresponds to a frequency range of approximately 20 THz to 300 GHz. This places far infrared radiation within the CIE IR-B and IR-C ...