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  2. Language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language

    Some of the properties that define human language as opposed to other communication systems are: the arbitrariness of the linguistic sign, meaning that there is no predictable connection between a linguistic sign and its meaning; the duality of the linguistic system, meaning that linguistic structures are built by combining elements into larger ...

  3. Linguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistics

    Linguistics is the scientific study of language. [1] [2] [3] The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds and equivalent gestures in sign languages), phonology (the abstract sound system of a particular language, and analogous systems of sign languages), and pragmatics ...

  4. List of language subsystems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_language_subsystems

    Semantics, the meaningful content of words, sentences, or other language elements; and; Pragmatics, the ways in which context contributes to meaning in natural language use. This division varies among linguists and authors. For example, phonetics and phonology are occasionally merged into one subsystem. Morphology and lexicology can also be merged.

  5. List of writing systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_writing_systems

    Writing systems are used to record human language, and may be classified according to certain common features. The usual name of the script is given first; the name of the languages in which the script is written follows (in brackets), particularly in the case where the language name differs from the script name. Other informative or qualifying ...

  6. Hockett's design features - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockett's_design_features

    Humans can use language to talk about language. Also a very defining feature of human language, reflexiveness is a trait not shared by animal communication. With reflexiveness, humans can describe what language is, talk about the structure of language, and discuss the idea of language with others using language.

  7. Segment (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segment_(linguistics)

    Some contrastive elements of speech cannot be easily analyzed as distinct segments but rather belong to a syllable or word. These elements are called suprasegmental, and include intonation and stress. In some languages nasality and vowel harmony are considered suprasegmental or prosodic by some phonologists. [3] [4]

  8. Outline of linguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_linguistics

    Language education – teaching specific language and language science; Linguistic anthropology – study of how language influences social life; Psycholinguistics – is the study of the psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use, comprehend and produce language

  9. Structural linguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_linguistics

    In structuralism, elements of a language are explained in relation to each other. For example, to understand the function of one grammatical case, it must be contrasted to all the other cases and, more widely, to all other grammatical categories of the language.

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