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Cast-in-place concrete or Cast-in-situ concrete is a technology of construction of buildings where walls and slabs of the buildings are cast at the site in formwork. [1] This differs from precast concrete technology where slabs are cast elsewhere and then brought to the construction site and assembled. [ 2 ]
A finished tilt-up building. Tilt-up, tilt-slab or tilt-wall is a type of building and a construction technique using concrete.Though it is a cost-effective technique with a shorter completion time, [1] poor performance in earthquakes has mandated significant seismic retrofit requirements in older buildings.
These variables include, building material of the envelope, thicknesses of the building materials, day of the year, time of day, orientation of the surface (e.g. wall or roof, 90 degrees or 180), and wall face orientation (cardinal directions, i.e. N, NW, S, SE, etc.), to name a few.
The first expanded polystyrene ICF Wall forms were developed in the late 1960s with the expiration of the original patent and the advent of modern foam plastics by BASF. [citation needed] Canadian contractor Werner Gregori filed the first patent for a foam concrete form in 1966 with a block "measuring 16 inches high by 48 inches long with a tongue-and-groove interlock, metal ties, and a waffle ...
Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site and maneuvered into place; examples include precast beams, and wall panels, floors, roofs, and piles.
Special wall fasteners (screw wall plug anchors) designed for autoclaved aerated concrete including gypsum board and plaster tiles are available at a higher cost than standard expandable wall plugs, including special safety-relevant anchors for high load bearing; [59] [60] [61] It is recommended that fixing holes be drilled using HSS drill bits ...
The results from AMS testing are in the form of ratios of 12 C, 13 C, and 14 C.These ratios are used to calculate F m, the "fraction modern", defined as = where R norm is the 14
Radiocarbon dating measurements produce ages in "radiocarbon years", which must be converted to calendar ages by a process called calibration.Calibration is needed because the atmospheric 14