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Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective that arose in the mid-20th century in answer to two theories: Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and B. F. Skinner's behaviorism. [1]
He received his Ph.D. from Ohio State University, was named a Fellow of the American Psychological Association in 1955, and was the first recipient of the APA's Division of Humanistic Psychology's Rollo May Award. He held leadership positions in a number of professional organizations, including president of the California State Psychological ...
Antihumanism is a philosophical theory that rejects humanism as a pre-scientific ideology. [153] This argument developed during the 19th and 20th centuries in parallel with the advancement of humanism. Prominent thinkers questioned the metaphysics of humanism and the human nature of its concept of freedom. [135]
Rogers's theory of the self is considered humanistic, existential, and phenomenological. [21] It is based directly on the "phenomenal field" personality theory of Combs and Snygg (1949). [22] Rogers's elaboration of his theory is extensive. He wrote 16 books and many more journal articles about it.
The theory has been influential in the fields of generational studies, marketing, and business management literature. [6] However, the theory has also been described by some historians and journalists as pseudoscientific, [6] [9] [10] "kooky", [11] and "an elaborate historical horoscope that will never withstand scholarly scrutiny".
A Humanist Manifesto was written in 1933 primarily by Roy Wood Sellars and Raymond Bragg and was published with 34 signatories including philosopher John Dewey.Unlike later revisions, the first manifesto talked of a new "religion", and referred to humanism as a religious movement to transcend and replace previous religions that were based on allegations of supernatural revelation.
Most humanist organisations identify with "humanism" without a pre-modifier (such a "secular" or "ethical") and assert humanism as a non-religious philosophy or approach to life. Generally speaking, all humanists, including religious humanists, reject deference to supernatural beliefs; promote the practical, methodological naturalism of science ...
Humanism and Its Aspirations (subtitled Humanist Manifesto III, a successor to the Humanist Manifesto of 1933) is the most recent of the Humanist Manifestos, published in 2003 by the American Humanist Association (AHA). [1] The newest one is much shorter, listing six primary beliefs, which echo themes from its predecessors: