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Functional programming is very different from imperative programming. The most significant differences stem from the fact that functional programming avoids side effects, which are used in imperative programming to implement state and I/O. Pure functional programming completely prevents side-effects and provides referential transparency.
Compact HyperText Markup Language (C-HTML) – used for some mobile phones. Computable Document Format - used for interactive technical documents. ConTeXt – a modular, structured formatting language based on TeX. Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) - modular open free format for technical and specialized documents.
Object-oriented imperative languages developed by combining the need for classes and the need for safe functional programming. [67] A function, in an object-oriented language, is assigned to a class. An assigned function is then referred to as a method, member function, or operation. Object-oriented programming is executing operations on ...
The XSLT document transformation specifies how to transform an XML document into new document (usually XML, but other formats, such as plain text are supported). [4] Typically, input documents are XML files, but anything from which the processor can build an XQuery and XPath Data Model can be used, such as relational database tables or ...
HTML 4.01 Specification since PDF 1.5; HTML 2.0 since 1.2 Forms Data Format (FDF) based on PDF, uses the same syntax and has essentially the same file structure, but is much simpler than PDF since the body of an FDF document consists of only one required object. Forms Data Format is defined in the PDF specification (since PDF 1.2).
ML (Meta Language) is a general-purpose, high-level, functional programming language.It is known for its use of the polymorphic Hindley–Milner type system, which automatically assigns the data types of most expressions without requiring explicit type annotations (type inference), and ensures type safety; there is a formal proof that a well-typed ML program does not cause runtime type errors. [1]
In a purely functional language, the only dependencies between computations are data dependencies, and computations are deterministic. Therefore, to program in parallel, the programmer need only specify the pieces that should be computed in parallel, and the runtime can handle all other details such as distributing tasks to processors, managing synchronization and communication, and collecting ...
Poplog implements a version of Standard ML, along with Common Lisp and Prolog, allowing mixed language programming; all are implemented in POP-11, which is compiled incrementally. TILT is a full certifying compiler for Standard ML which uses typed intermediate languages to optimize code and ensure correctness, and can compile to typed assembly ...