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  2. Double-ended queue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-ended_queue

    The dynamic array approach uses a variant of a dynamic array that can grow from both ends, sometimes called array deques. These array deques have all the properties of a dynamic array, such as constant-time random access , good locality of reference , and inefficient insertion/removal in the middle, with the addition of amortized constant-time ...

  3. Peek (data type operation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peek_(data_type_operation)

    Behavior when the collection is empty varies – most often this yields an underflow error, identically to a pop on an empty collection, but some implementations provide a function which instead simply returns (without error), essentially implementing if isempty then return, else peek. This behavior can be axiomatized in various ways.

  4. Queue (abstract data type) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queue_(abstract_data_type)

    Fixed-length arrays are limited in capacity, but it is not true that items need to be copied towards the head of the queue. The simple trick of turning the array into a closed circle and letting the head and tail drift around endlessly in that circle makes it unnecessary to ever move items stored in the array.

  5. Binary heap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_heap

    Else, return the item we're pushing; Python provides such a function for insertion then extraction called "heappushpop", which is paraphrased below. [6] [7] The heap array is assumed to have its first element at index 1. // Push a new item to a (max) heap and then extract the root of the resulting heap.

  6. Maximum subarray problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_subarray_problem

    If the input contains no positive element, the returned value is that of the largest element (i.e., the value closest to 0), or negative infinity if the input was empty. For correctness, an exception should be raised when the input array is empty, since an empty array has no maximum nonempty subarray.

  7. Data structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_structure

    A data structure known as a hash table.. In computer science, a data structure is a data organization and storage format that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. [1] [2] [3] More precisely, a data structure is a collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can be applied to the data, [4] i.e., it is an algebraic structure about data.

  8. Priority queue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priority_queue

    is_empty: check whether the queue has no elements. insert_with_priority: add an element to the queue with an associated priority. pull_highest_priority_element: remove the element from the queue that has the highest priority, and return it. This is also known as "pop_element(Off)", "get_maximum_element" or "get_front(most)_element".

  9. Bounds checking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bounds_checking

    In computer programming, bounds checking is any method of detecting whether a variable is within some bounds before it is used. It is usually used to ensure that a number fits into a given type (range checking), or that a variable being used as an array index is within the bounds of the array (index checking).