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As far as I know, phenomenology is concerned with existence and the existence of phenomena such as material. However, some 'material' has transcended its basic materiality and developed self-aware consciousness. These would be transcendent phenomema, and study of their phenomenology would be transcendental phenomenology.
Transcendental reduction in Phenomenology is possible only after the first stage of phenomenological reduction, and after this first reduction we can more clearly see without judgement and have a first-person givenness about the central intentionality of our mental activities, self-awareness and phenomenal consciousness.
Transcendental reduction, on the other hand, is a method used in transcendental phenomenology to investigate the conditions of the possibility of experience. This involves examining the structures of consciousness that make experience possible, such as the categories of understanding and the forms of intuition.
Kant: Employs a critical, transcendental method, seeking to establish the necessary conditions for the possibility of experience and knowledge. The distinction between the concept of 'ipseity' in phenomenology and Kant's notion of transcendental apperception involves both philosophical nuance and the underlying conceptual frameworks.
Joseph J. Kockelmans, Edmund Husserl's Phenomenology, ISBN 10: 1557530505 / ISBN 13: 9781557530509 Published by Purdue University Press, 1994. James M. Edie, Edmund Husserl's Phenomenology, ISBN 10: 0253204119 / ISBN 13: 9780253204110 Published by Indiana University Press, 1987. E. Pivcevic, Husserl and Phenomenology, London: Hutchinson, 1970.
Husserl's transcendental ego, pure ego (purest form of representation of transcendental ego) and identical ego could be said to be synonymous in some sense and force which is the the foundation of all phenomenological inquiry and is not itself an object of experience but the source from which all experiences emerge.
The transcendental ego is introduced by Kant & adopted by Husserl, it lies 'above' or 'behind' consciousness. Sartre argues that the 'ego is for consciousness. The ego is "out there" in the world'. By this tactic he avoids the 'representational' epistemology of Kant.
Basic Writings in Transcendental Phenomenology is anything but "basic" under the meaning "easy or simple" but rather is about what is fundamental to transcendental phenomenology for Husserl. Share Improve this answer
Arthur Schopenhauer criticized the Phenomenology of Spirit as being characteristic of the vacuous verbiage he attributed to Hegel. Walter Kaufmann also offered objections to Hegel: Walter Kaufmann, on the question of organisation argued that Hegel's arrangement "over half a century before Darwin published his Origin of Species and impressed the ...
Your 3rd person sounds more like a relativist than a phenomenologist. Phenomenology brackets out assumptions about the external world to focus on the phenomena as they are given in experience, this is called epoché. So it is simply not concerned with who is "right" in this case. On the other hand, what you see is not that the stars are moving ...