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Slavery is integral to the social, economic, and political history of Central Asia. Polities of different sizes and structures such as nomadic confederations, [12] agrarian city-states, [13] and empires [14] all engaged in and at various times promoted the enslavement and trade of people and the exploitation of their labor. [15]
During the 1983–2005 Second Sudanese Civil War, people were taken into slavery. [12] Evidence emerged in the late 1990s of systematic child slavery and trafficking on cacao plantations in West Africa. [13] Slavery in the 21st century continues and generates an estimated $150 billion in annual profits. [14]
t. e. Slavery in China has taken various forms throughout history. Slavery was nominally abolished in 1910, [1][2][3] although the practice continued until at least 1949. [4] The Chinese term for slave (nuli) can also be roughly translated into 'debtor', 'dependent', or 'subject'. Despite a few attempts to ban it, slavery existed continuously ...
The Indian Ocean slave trade, sometimes known as the East African slave trade, involved the capture and transportation of predominately black African slaves along the coasts, such as the Swahili Coast and the Horn of Africa, and through the Indian Ocean. The areas impacted included East Africa, Southern Arabia, the west coast of India, Indian ...
Slave exports to Honduras and Guatemala started in 1526. Historian Nigel Bolland writes of the slave trade in Central America: "The demand for labor in the early Spanish settlements of Hispaniola, Cuba, Panama, and Peru resulted in a large-scale Indian (Indigenous people) slave trade in Central America in the second quarter of the 16th century ...
This trade, in trade volume, was primarily with South America, where most slaves were sold, but a classic example taught in 20th century studies is the colonial molasses trade, which involved the circuitous trading of slaves, sugar (often in liquid form, as molasses), and rum between West Africa, the West Indies and the northern colonies of ...
The history of slavery in the Muslim world began with institutions inherited from pre-Islamic Arabia. [1][2][3][4] Throughout Muslim history slaves served in various social and economic roles, from powerful emirs to harshly treated manual laborers. Slaves were widely employed in irrigation, mining, and animal husbandry, but most commonly as ...
The Indian indenture system was a system of indentured servitude, by which more than 1.6 million workers [ 1 ] from British India were transported to labour in European colonies, as a substitute for slave labor, following the abolition of the trade in the early 19th century. The system expanded after the abolition of slavery in the British ...