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Generally speaking, the anterior/ventral ramus innervates the skin and muscle on the anterior aspect of the trunk, while the posterior/dorsal ramus innervates the post-vertebral muscles and the skin of the back.
Lateral to the vertebral column the nerve fibers split and head to different locations in the body via the rami: those traveling in the posterior (dorsal) ramus serve the muscles and skin of the posterior trunk, those in the larger anterior (ventral) ramus travel either to the anterolateral trunk or to the limbs. Both the anterior and posterior ...
Each nerve forms from nerve fibers, known as fila radicularia, extending from the posterior (dorsal) and anterior (ventral) roots of the spinal cord. The roots connect via interneurons. Grossly, the root fibers join together within the intervertebral foramina to form a spinal nerve.
The ventral ramus (pl.: rami) (Latin for 'branch') is the anterior division of a spinal nerve. The ventral rami supply the antero-lateral parts of the trunk and the limbs. They are mainly larger than the dorsal rami.
The ventral and dorsal nerve roots exiting a cross section of spinal cord fuse together to form a spinal nerve, which then splits into the dorsal and ventral rami. The white and gray ramus form the rami communicantes that connect spinal nerves to autonomic ganglia.
The cervical plexus is a conglomeration of cervical nerves formed by the anterior (ventral) rami of spinal nerves C1-C4 (a.k.a. 1st-4th cervical nerves). These are the roots (limbs) of the cervical plexus.
Key Points. The dorsal and ventral rami contain nerves that provide visceral motor, somatic motor, and sensory information, with the dorsal ramus feeding the dorsal trunk (skin and muscles of the back), and the ventral ramus feeding the ventral trunk and limbs through the ventrolateral surface.
The spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, containing both sensory and motor fibers. Dorsal Ramus: Supplies the muscles and skin of the back. Ventral Ramus: Forms the major nerves of the limbs and front of the body, and contributes to nerve plexuses like the brachial, lumbar, and sacral plexuses.
The Ventral Ramus contains nerves that serve the remaining ventral parts of the trunk and the upper and lower limbs carrying visceral motor, somatic motor, and sensory information to and from the ventrolateral body surface, structures in the body wall, and the limbs.
The motor fibers, both somatic and autonomic, emerge as the ventral nerve root. The dorsal root ganglion for each nerve is an enlargement of the spinal nerve. There are 31 spinal nerves, named for the level of the spinal cord at which each one emerges.