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Placental abruption occurs in about 1 in 200 pregnancies. [5] Along with placenta previa and uterine rupture it is one of the most common causes of vaginal bleeding in the later part of pregnancy. [6] Placental abruption is the reason for about 15% of infant deaths around the time of birth. [2] The condition was described at least as early as ...
Retained placental tissue and infection may contribute to uterine atony. Uterine atony is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage. [14] Trauma: Injury to the birth canal which includes the uterus, cervix, vagina and the perineum which can happen even if the delivery is monitored properly. The bleeding is substantial as all these organs ...
Distal lobes are connected by a placental artery and vein extending from the main placenta, which tends to be centrally located and is the largest in mass. [20] At the time of contraction or delivery the connecting placental arteries and veins may rupture resulting in significant haemorrhaging. Incidences of vasa previa and haemorrhaging in the ...
Mother: Placental abruption, postpartum endometritis [2] Types: Term, preterm [2] Risk factors: Infection of the amniotic fluid, prior PROM, bleeding in the later parts of pregnancy, smoking, a mother who is underweight [2] Diagnostic method: Suspected based on symptoms and examination, supported by testing the fluid or ultrasound [2 ...
0.5% of pregnancies [ 5 ] Placenta praevia is when the placenta attaches inside the uterus but in a position near or over the cervical opening. [ 1 ] Symptoms include vaginal bleeding in the second half of pregnancy. [ 1 ] The bleeding is bright red and tends not to be associated with pain. [ 1 ]
Uterine atony is the failure of the uterus to contract adequately following delivery. Contraction of the uterine muscles during labor compresses the blood vessels and slows flow, which helps prevent hemorrhage and facilitates coagulation. Therefore, a lack of uterine muscle contraction can lead to an acute hemorrhage, as the vasculature is not ...
An amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a life-threatening childbirth (obstetric) emergency in which amniotic fluid enters the blood stream of the mother, triggering a serious reaction which results in cardiorespiratory (heart and lung) collapse and massive bleeding (coagulopathy). [1][2][3] The rate at which it occurs is 1 instance per 20,000 ...
HELLP syndrome is a complication of pregnancy; the acronym stands for hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count. [ 1 ] It usually begins during the last three months of pregnancy or shortly after childbirth. [ 1 ] Symptoms may include feeling tired, retaining fluid, headache, nausea, upper right abdominal pain, blurry vision ...