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Some scholars believe that Antoine Meillet had earlier said that a language is a dialect with an army, but there is no contemporary documentation of this. [10]Jean Laponce noted in 2004 that the phrase had been attributed in "la petite histoire" (essentially anecdote) to Hubert Lyautey (1854–1934) at a meeting of the Académie Française; Laponce referred to the adage as "la loi de Lyautey ...
Patois (/ ˈ p æ t w ɑː /, pl. same or / ˈ p æ t w ɑː z /) [1] is speech or language that is considered nonstandard, although the term is not formally defined in linguistics.As such, patois can refer to pidgins, creoles, dialects or vernaculars, but not commonly to jargon or slang, which are vocabulary-based forms of cant.
A national language is a language (or language variant, e.g. dialect) that has some connection—de facto or de jure—with a nation. The term is applied quite differently in various contexts. The term is applied quite differently in various contexts.
At what dialects' expense was Croatian, for example, promoted from a dialect of Serbo-Croatian? —Tamfang 23:11, 5 March 2015 (UTC) One way of resolving this problem would read "an army and navy" as a mathematician would: to mean "at least one army and navy." I.e., a language is the national speech of at least one nation. Works for me!
The main distinction between sociolects (social dialects) and dialects proper (geographical dialects), which are often confused, is the settings in which they are created. [12] A dialect's main identifier is geography: a certain region uses specific phonological, morphosyntactic or lexical rules.
However many differences still hold and mark boundaries between different dialect areas, as shown below. From 2000 to 2005, for instance, The Dialect Survey queried North American English speakers' usage of a variety of linguistic items, including vocabulary items that vary by region. [2] These include: generic term for a sweetened carbonated ...
Dialectology (from Greek διάλεκτος, dialektos, "talk, dialect"; and -λογία, -logia) is the scientific study of dialects: subsets of languages.Though in the 19th century a branch of historical linguistics, dialectology is often now considered a sub-field of, or subsumed by, sociolinguistics. [1]
Covert prestige refers to the relatively high value placed towards a non-standard form of a variety in a speech community. This concept was pioneered by the linguist William Labov, in his study of New York City English speakers that while high linguistic prestige is usually more associated with standard forms of language, this pattern also implies that a similar one should exist for working ...