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Similar figures. In Euclidean geometry, two objects are similar if they have the same shape, or if one has the same shape as the mirror image of the other.More precisely, one can be obtained from the other by uniformly scaling (enlarging or reducing), possibly with additional translation, rotation and reflection.
Chemical similarity (or molecular similarity) refers to the similarity of chemical elements, molecules or chemical compounds with respect to either structural or functional qualities, i.e. the effect that the chemical compound has on reaction partners in inorganic or biological settings.
In effect, they considered nitrogen dioxide as an AX 2 E 0.5 molecule, with a geometry intermediate between NO + 2 and NO − 2. Similarly, chlorine dioxide (ClO 2) is an AX 2 E 1.5 molecule, with a geometry intermediate between ClO + 2 and ClO − 2. [citation needed] Finally, the methyl radical (CH 3) is predicted to be trigonal pyramidal ...
Molecular geometry is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that constitute a molecule. It includes the general shape of the molecule as well as bond lengths , bond angles , torsional angles and any other geometrical parameters that determine the position of each atom.
A molecular model is a physical model of an atomistic system that represents molecules and their processes. They play an important role in understanding chemistry and generating and testing hypotheses.
[2] [3] Arsenate is a moderate oxidizer and an electron acceptor, with an electrode potential of +0.56 V for its reduction to arsenite. [4] Due to arsenic having the same valency and similar atomic radius to phosphorus, arsenate shares similar geometry and reactivity with phosphate. [5]
CH 3 CH 2 OH . Parentheses are used to indicate multiple identical groups, indicating attachment to the nearest non-hydrogen atom on the left when appearing within a formula, or to the atom on the right when appearing at the start of a formula: (CH 3) 2 CHOH or CH(CH 3) 2 OH . In all cases, all atoms are shown, including hydrogen atoms.
Theories of chemical structure were first developed by August Kekulé, Archibald Scott Couper, and Aleksandr Butlerov, among others, from about 1858. [4] These theories were first to state that chemical compounds are not a random cluster of atoms and functional groups, but rather had a definite order defined by the valency of the atoms composing the molecule, giving the molecules a three ...
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