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Stephen Krashen introduced the method in the early 1980s as a way to integrate second language acquisition techniques into teaching various subjects. This approach aims to present academic content, including its vocabulary, concepts, and skills, in a manner that is easily comprehensible by leveraging language and context.
Teaching English as a second language (TESL) refers to teaching English to students whose first language is not English. The teaching profession has used different names for TEFL and TESL; the generic "teaching English to speakers of other languages" (TESOL) is increasingly used, which covers TESL and TEFL as an umbrella term. [5]
The direct method operates on the idea that second language learning must be an imitation of first language learning, as this is the natural way humans learn any language: a child never relies on another language to learn its first language, and thus the mother tongue is not necessary to learn a foreign language. This method places great stress ...
One popular approach to dual language programs is the 90/10 model, where in the early grades 90% of instruction is conducted in the student's native language and 10% is taught in their second language. As the student advances, this proportion changes until an equal amount of time is spent on both languages.
This method of language immersion is popular language in America. [5] Types that are characterized by age: Early immersion: Students start learning their second language at the age of 5 or 6. Middle immersion: Students start learning their second language at the age of around 9 or 10.
The Development of Second Language Proficiency. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 82– 92. ISBN 978-0-521-38410-0. Lightbown, Patsy; Spada, Nina (1990). "Focus-on-Form and Corrective Feedback in Communicative Language Teaching: Effects on Second Language Learning". Studies in Second Language Acquisition. 12 (4): 429– 48.
English language teaching (ELT) is a widely used teacher-centered term, as in the English language teaching divisions of large publishing houses, ELT training, etc. Teaching English as a second language (TESL), teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL), and teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) are also used. [citation needed]
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