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The Higgs boson, sometimes called the Higgs particle, [9] [10] is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics produced by the quantum excitation of the Higgs field, [11] [12] one of the fields in particle physics theory. [12]
Standard Model of Particle Physics. The diagram shows the elementary particles of the Standard Model (the Higgs boson, the three generations of quarks and leptons, and the gauge bosons), including their names, masses, spins, charges, chiralities, and interactions with the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces.
In the Standard Model of particle physics, the Higgs mechanism is essential to explain the generation mechanism of the property "mass" for gauge bosons.Without the Higgs mechanism, all bosons (one of the two classes of particles, the other being fermions) would be considered massless, but measurements show that the W +, W −, and Z 0 bosons actually have relatively large masses of around 80 ...
On 4 July 2012, the two main experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (ATLAS and CMS) at CERN confirmed independently the existence of a previously unknown particle with a mass of about 125 GeV/c 2 (about 133 proton masses, on the order of 10 −25 kg), which is "consistent with the Higgs boson" and widely believed to be the Higgs boson. [11]
It requires the existence of another particle, the Higgs boson, which has since been found at the Large Hadron Collider. Of the four components of a Goldstone boson created by the Higgs field, three are absorbed by the W +, Z 0, and W − bosons to form their longitudinal components, and the remainder appears as the spin-0 Higgs boson.
The search for the Higgs boson was a 40-year effort by physicists to prove the existence or non-existence of the Higgs boson, first theorised in the 1960s.The Higgs boson was the last unobserved fundamental particle in the Standard Model of particle physics, and its discovery was described as being the "ultimate verification" of the Standard Model. [1]
On 4 July 2012, European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN announced the discovery of the Higgs boson. Since the Higgs boson is a spin-zero particle, it is the first observed ostensibly elementary particle to be described by the Klein–Gordon equation. Further experimentation and analysis is required to discern whether the Higgs boson ...
The Higgs field has a vacuum expectation value of 246 GeV. [1] This nonzero value underlies the Higgs mechanism of the Standard Model . This value is given by v = 1 / 2 G F 0 = 2 M W / g ≈ 246.22 G e V {\displaystyle v=1/{\sqrt {{\sqrt {2}}G_{F}^{0}}}=2M_{W}/g\approx 246.22\,{\rm {GeV}}} , where M W is the mass of the W Boson, G F 0 ...