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The speed of gravitational waves in the general theory of relativity is equal to the speed of light in vacuum, c. [3] Within the theory of special relativity, the constant c is not only about light; instead it is the highest possible speed for any interaction in nature.
The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted c, is a universal physical constant that is exactly equal to 299,792,458 metres per second (approximately 300,000 kilometres per second; 186,000 miles per second; 671 million miles per hour).
The apparent speed of light will change in a gravity field and, in particular, go to zero at an event horizon as viewed by a distant observer. [4] In deriving the gravitational redshift due to a spherically symmetric massive body, a radial speed of light dr / dt can be defined in Schwarzschild coordinates , with t being the time recorded on a ...
Speed: This is the speed at which a point on the wave (for example, a point of maximum stretch or squeeze) travels. For gravitational waves with small amplitudes, this wave speed is equal to the speed of light (c). The speed, wavelength, and frequency of a gravitational wave are related by the equation c = λf, just like the equation for a ...
where L is the semi-major axis, T is the orbital period, c is the speed of light, and e is the orbital eccentricity (see: Two-body problem in general relativity). The other planets experience perihelion shifts as well, but, since they are farther from the Sun and have longer periods, their shifts are lower, and could not be observed accurately ...
In special relativity, an object that has nonzero rest mass cannot travel at the speed of light. As the object approaches the speed of light, the object's energy and momentum increase without bound. In the first years after 1905, following Lorentz and Einstein, the terms longitudinal and transverse mass were still in use.
The effect of gravity on light was then explored by Johann Georg von Soldner (1801), who calculated the amount of deflection of a light ray by the Sun, arriving at the Newtonian answer which is half the value predicted by general relativity. All of this early work assumed that light could slow down and fall, which is inconsistent with the ...
If it exists, the graviton is expected to be massless because the gravitational force has a very long range, and appears to propagate at the speed of light. The graviton must be a spin -2 boson because the source of gravitation is the stress–energy tensor , a second-order tensor (compared with electromagnetism 's spin-1 photon , the source of ...