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The Born–Landé equation is a means of calculating the lattice energy of a crystalline ionic compound.In 1918 [1] Max Born and Alfred Landé proposed that the lattice energy could be derived from the electrostatic potential of the ionic lattice and a repulsive potential energy term.
For compounds that contain cation-cation or anion-anion bonds it is usually possible to transform these homoionic bonds into cation-anion bonds either by treating the atoms linked by the homoionic bond as a single complex cation (e.g., Hg 2 2+), or by treating the bonding electrons in the homoionic bond as a pseudo-anion to transform a cation ...
The first Series E bonds were sold at 75 percent of their face value and returned 2.9 percent interest, compounded semiannually. Denominations ranged from $25 to $1,000. ... To calculate how much ...
The bond dissociation energy is related to but slightly different from the depth of the associated potential energy well of the bond, D e, known as the electronic energy. This is due to the existence of a zero-point energy ε 0 for the vibrational ground state, which reduces the amount of energy needed to reach the dissociation limit.
The strength of a bond can be estimated by comparing the atomic radii of the atoms that form the bond to the length of bond itself. For example, the atomic radius of boron is estimated at 85 pm, [10] while the length of the B–B bond in B 2 Cl 4 is 175 pm. [11] Dividing the length of this bond by the sum of each boron atom's radius gives a ratio of
The conventions of this class calculate the number of days between two dates (e.g., between Date1 and Date2) as the Julian day difference. This is the function Days(StartDate, EndDate). The conventions are distinguished primarily by the amount of the CouponRate they assign to each day of the accrual period.
A force field is used to minimize the bond stretching energy of this ethane molecule. Molecular mechanics uses classical mechanics to model molecular systems. The Born–Oppenheimer approximation is assumed valid and the potential energy of all systems is calculated as a function of the nuclear coordinates using force fields. Molecular ...
In finance, bootstrapping is a method for constructing a (zero-coupon) fixed-income yield curve from the prices of a set of coupon-bearing products, e.g. bonds and swaps. [ 1 ] A bootstrapped curve , correspondingly, is one where the prices of the instruments used as an input to the curve, will be an exact output , when these same instruments ...