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Mohawk Data Sciences introduced a magnetic tape encoder in 1965, a system marketed as a keypunch replacement which was somewhat successful, but punched cards were still commonly used for data entry and programming until the mid-1980s when the combination of lower cost magnetic disk storage, and affordable interactive terminals on less expensive ...
Magnetic linear encoders [1] employ either active (magnetized) or passive (variable reluctance) scales and position may be sensed using sense-coils, Hall effect or magnetoresistive readheads. With coarser scale periods than optical encoders (typically a few hundred micrometers to several millimeters) resolutions in the order of a micrometer are ...
A rotary encoder, also called a shaft encoder, is an electro-mechanical device that converts the angular position or motion of a shaft or axle to analog or digital output signals. [1] There are two main types of rotary encoder: absolute and incremental. The output of an absolute encoder indicates the current shaft position, making it an angle ...
The following table lists software packages with their own article on Wikipedia that are nominal EM (electromagnetic) simulators; Name License Windows Linux 3D
The company holds several patents of encoder innovation. [2] Until the 1960s, FRABA's main product was mechanical relays . In 1963 the company started selling brush rotary encoders , leading to the development of the first optical rotary encoder in 1973 and the magnetic multi-turn rotary encoder in 2007.
At that time Bonneville Power Administration also started to develop a computer software for studying switching overvoltages for insulation coordination. In 1966, Hermann Dommel was invited to BPA from Germany to work on the development of a software named Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP).
Two optical sensors (phototransistors or photodiodes) are placed very close to each other to make a linear incremental encoder. When the machine axis moves, the dark marks move under the optical encoders triggering them in succession. If movement is from, for example, left to right, encoder A is triggered first and encoder B afterwards.
In computing, magnetic-core memory is a form of random-access memory. It predominated for roughly 20 years between 1955 and 1975, and is often just called core memory , or, informally, core . Core memory uses toroids (rings) of a hard magnetic material (usually a semi-hard ferrite ).