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2. Blast furnace - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blast_furnace

   Blast furnaces differ from bloomeries and reverberatory furnaces in that in a blast furnace, flue gas is in direct contact with the ore and iron, allowing carbon monoxide to diffuse into the ore and reduce the iron oxide. The blast furnace operates as a countercurrent exchange process whereas a bloomery does not.

3. Lead smelting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_smelting

   The blast furnace is similar in structure to a cupola furnace used in iron foundries. The furnace is charged with slag, scrap iron, limestone, coke, oxides, dross, and reverberatory slag. The coke is used to melt and reduce the lead. Limestone reacts with impurities and floats to the top. This process also keeps the lead from oxidizing. The ...

4. Blast furnace gas - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blast_furnace_gas

   Blast furnace gas (BFG) [1] is a by-product of blast furnaces that is generated when the iron ore is reduced with coke to metallic iron. It has a very low heating value , about 3.5 MJ/m 3 (93 BTU /cu.ft), [ 2 ] because it consists of about 51 vol% nitrogen and 22 vol% carbon dioxide , which are not flammable.

5. Direct reduction (blast furnace) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_reduction_(blast...

   For blast furnaces, direct reduction corresponds to the reduction of oxides by the carbon in the coke. However, in practice, direct reduction only plays a significant role in the final stage of iron reduction in a blast furnace, by helping to reduce wustite (FeO) to iron. In this case, the chemical reaction can be trivially described as follows ...

6. Valley Furnace - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley_Furnace

   The furnace was constructed circa 1847 by George W. Bryan, who named the furnace "fanny" for his wife. . Unlike earlier bloomery furnaces that produced wrought iron, the Valley Furnace was a blast furnace that produced pig iron using a bellows to induce a forced draft, using charcoal as a fuel. Ore was provided from surface mines that exploited ...

7. Bradys Bend Iron Company Furnaces - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bradys_Bend_Iron_Company...

   Brady's Bend Iron Company Furnaces (also known as Brady's Bend Works) is a set of historic blast furnaces and rolling mill located in Brady's Bend Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. The furnaces are constructed of stone, with the first blown into production in 1840. A second furnace was added in 1845.

8. Everything you need to know about the Mayo Clinic diet - AOL

   www.aol.com/lifestyle/everything-know-mayo...

   The Mayo Clinic diet, a program that adheres to this notion, was developed by medical professionals based on scientific research, so you can trust that this program is based on science, and not ...

9. History of the steel industry (1850–1970) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_steel...

   Steel is an alloy composed of between 0.2 and 2.0 percent carbon, with the balance being iron. From prehistory through the creation of the blast furnace, iron was produced from iron ore as wrought iron, 99.82–100 percent Fe, and the process of making steel involved adding carbon to iron, usually in a serendipitous manner, in the forge, or via the cementation process.