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Research design refers to the overall strategy utilized to answer research questions. A research design typically outlines the theories and models underlying a project; the research question(s) of a project; a strategy for gathering data and information; and a strategy for producing answers from the data. [1]
Braun ABW30 wall clock designed by Dieter Rams and Dietrich Lubs [] (early 1980s) Victorinox Swiss Army knife Cutlery designed by architect and designer Zaha Hadid (2007). The slightly oblique end part of the fork and the spoons, as well as the knife handle, are examples of designing for both aesthetic form and practical function.
A design review is a milestone within a product development process whereby a design is evaluated against its requirements in order to verify the outcomes of previous activities and identify issues before committing to—and, if need be, to re-prioritise—further work. [1]
In computing, data-oriented design is a program optimization approach motivated by efficient usage of the CPU cache, often used in video game development. [1] The approach is to focus on the data layout, separating and sorting fields according to when they are needed, and to think about transformations of data.
Design for behaviour change developed from work on design psychology (also: behavioural design) conducted by Don Norman in the 1980s. [3] Norman’s ‘psychology of everyday things’ introduced concepts from ecological psychology and human factors research to designers, such as affordances, constraint feedback and mapping.
A laptop that is designed to be modular. Modular design, or modularity in design, is a design principle that subdivides a system into smaller parts called modules (such as modular process skids), which can be independently created, modified, replaced, or exchanged with other modules or between different systems.
Web design encompasses many different skills and disciplines in the production and maintenance of websites.The different areas of web design include web graphic design; user interface design (UI design); authoring, including standardised code and proprietary software; user experience design (UX design); and search engine optimization.