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Chlorophytes are eukaryotic organisms composed of cells with a variety of coverings or walls, and usually a single green chloroplast in each cell. [4] They are structurally diverse: most groups of chlorophytes are unicellular, such as the earliest-diverging prasinophytes, but in two major classes (Chlorophyceae and Ulvophyceae) there is an evolutionary trend toward various types of complex ...
The chlorophytes, with around 700 genera, were originally marine algae, although some groups have since spread into fresh water. The streptophyte algae (i.e. excluding the land plants) have around 122 genera; they adapted to fresh water very early in their evolutionary history and have not spread back into marine environments. [28] [29] [30]
Temperature, water currents and waves affect their metabolism and morphology, and branching patterns. At 15–20 °C branches appear alternate, they can also appear completely absent in temperatures below 25 °C. [3] Cladophora form a branched filamentous chlorophyte structure with large cylindrical cells forming long, regularly branched ...
The spawn (eggs) of a clownfish. The black spots are the developing eyes. Spawn is the eggs and sperm released or deposited into water by aquatic animals. As a verb, to spawn refers to the process of freely releasing eggs and sperm into a body of water (fresh or marine); the physical act is known as spawning. The vast majority of aquatic and ...
Volvox is a polyphyletic genus of chlorophyte green algae in the family Volvocaceae. Volvox species form spherical colonies of up to 50,000 cells, and for this reason they are sometimes called globe algae.
Haploid algal cells (containing only one copy of their DNA) can fuse with other haploid cells to form diploid zygotes. When filamentous algae do this, they form bridges between cells, and leave empty cell walls behind that can be easily distinguished under the light microscope. This process is called conjugation and occurs for example in Spirogyra.
Caulerpa species support their large cell size by having the cytoplasm circulate constantly, supported by a network of microtubules.This behavior was known in 1967. [10]The cytoplasm does not leak out when the cell is cut.
Chum salmon is a typical cold water fish that prefer water around 10 °C (50 °F). When water temperature is raised due to thermal pollution, chum salmon tends to dive into deep water for thermoregulation. This reduces the time chum salmon spent in surface water column and reduce the chance for chum salmon to approach natal river since the ...