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A non-ossifying fibroma (NOF) is a benign bone tumor of the osteoclastic, giant cell-rich tumor type. [1] It generally occurs in the metaphysis of long bones in children and adolescents. [ 2 ] Typically, there are no symptoms unless there is a fracture . [ 2 ]
The most common bone tumor is a non-ossifying fibroma. [4] Average five-year survival in the United States after being diagnosed with bone and joint cancer is 67%. [5] The earliest known bone tumor was an osteosarcoma in a foot bone discovered in South Africa, between 1.6 and 1.8 million years ago. [6]
The cystic fibroma (fibroma cysticum) has central softening or dilated lymphatic vessels. The myxofibroma (fibroma myxomatodes) is produced by liquefaction of the underlying soft tissue. The cemento-ossifying fibroma is hard and fibrous, most frequently seen in the jaw or mouth, sometimes in connection with a fracture or another type of injury.
Metaphyseal tumors or lesions include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, osteoblastoma, enchondroma, fibrous dysplasia, simple bone cyst, aneurysmal bone cyst, non-ossifying fibroma, and osteoid osteoma. [5] One of the clinical signs of rickets that doctors look for is cupping and fraying at the metaphyses when seen on X-ray.
Fibroma of tendon sheath [12] Desmoplastic fibroblastoma, also termed collagenous fibroma. [13] Mammary-type myofibroblastoma [14] Myofibrobastoma, also termed myofibroblastoma of soft tissues, is a mammary-type myofibroblastoma that occurs in non-mammary tissues [15] and may be as much as 10-fold more common than the mammary type. [14]
Jaffe–Campanacci syndrome is one of the disorders associated with café au lait macules (CALMs). Presentations may include intellectual disability, disseminated non-ossifying fibromas of the long bones and jaw, hypogonadism or cryptorchidism, or giant cell granulomas of the jaw.
Aponeurotic fibroma occurs most frequently in the fingers, palms, and soles of the distal extremities. [3] Typically, the tumor is defined as a smaller than 3 cm diameter, firm, non-tender mass that grows slowly. It is prone to infiltrate the surrounding tissue and, following surgical resection, is more likely to recur locally. [4]
Not to be confused with ossifying fibroma. This is a long-standing fibrous epulis in which bone has begun to form. It is believed that irritants and trauma cause the growth. Dental appliances, poor restorations and subgingival plaque and calculus are all examples of possible causes.