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A niche, also known as a Cesarean Scar Defect or an Isthmocele, is a defect in the wall of the uterus after a cesarean section. [2] You can imagine it as if the wound of the uterus is being closed after a cesarean section, but it's receding a little bit at the inside of the uterus.
The mechanism of how scar ectopic pregnancy still remains unknown. However, the possibility that defects may form to the scarring from previous procedures/traumas such as caesarean section, dilation, hysterotomy, abnormal placentation can cause scar ectopic pregnancy. [4]
Asherman's syndrome (AS) is an acquired uterine condition that occurs when scar tissue forms inside the uterus and/or the cervix. [1] It is characterized by variable scarring inside the uterine cavity, where in many cases the front and back walls of the uterus stick to one another.
An old cesarean scar may undergo dehiscence; with further labor the woman may experience abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, though these signs are difficult to distinguish from normal labor. Often a deterioration of the fetal heart rate is a leading sign, but the cardinal sign of uterine rupture is loss of fetal station on manual vaginal exam.
In July 2010, The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) similarly revised their own guidelines to be less restrictive of VBAC, stating, "Attempting a vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) is a safe and appropriate choice for most women who have had a prior cesarean delivery, including for some women who have had two previous ...
An important risk factor for placenta accreta is placenta previa in the presence of a uterine scar. Placenta previa is an independent risk factor for placenta accreta. Additional reported risk factors for placenta accreta include maternal age and multiparity, other prior uterine surgery, prior uterine curettage, uterine irradiation, endometrial ablation, Asherman syndrome, uterine leiomyomata ...
Transvaginal ultrasonography – Ultrasound is performed through the vagina; Transabdominal ultrasonography – Ultrasound is performed across the abdominal wall or through the abdominal cavity; In normal state, each body tissue type, such as liver, spleen or kidney, has a unique echogenicity. Fortunately, gestational sac, yolk sac and embryo ...
Serial ultrasound and MRI monitoring of SCTs in fetuses in utero has demonstrated that the Altman type can change over time. As the tumor grows, it can push between other organs and through the perineum to the body surface where the tumor appears as a bulge covered only by skin. Sometimes, the tumor bulge later slips back inside the perineum.