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In 1824, these units were replaced with a single system based on the imperial gallon. [a] Originally defined as the volume of 10 pounds (4.54 kg) of distilled water (under certain conditions), [b] then redefined by the Weights and Measures Act 1985 to be exactly 4.546 09 L (277.4 cu in), the imperial gallon is close in size to the old ale gallon.
= 8 imperial gallons = 4 imperial pecks = 36.368 72 litres: ≈ 8.25645 US dry gallons ≈ 9.60760 US fluid gallons ≈ 2 219.36 cubic inches: ≈ 1.284 35 cubic feet 1 US bushel [6] = 8 US dry gallons = 4 US pecks = 2 150.42 cubic inches = 1.244 46 cubic feet = 35.239 070 166 88 litres ≈ 9.3092 US fluid gallons ≈ 7.7515 imperial gallons
[7] [8] A US liquid gallon can contain about 3.785 kilograms or 8.34 pounds of water at 3.98 °C (39.16 °F), and is about 16.7% less than the imperial gallon. There are four quarts in a gallon, two pints in a quart and 16 US fluid ounces in a US pint , which makes the US fluid ounce equal to 1 / 128 of a US gallon.
During the reform of weights and measures legislation in the United Kingdom in 1824, old gallons were replaced by the new imperial gallon, which was defined to be the volume of 10 pounds of water at 62 °F (17 °C), and was determined experimentally to be 277.42 cubic inches (4.54609 litres).
An imperial pint of water weighs a pound and a quarter (20 oz). There are varying standards for barrel for some specific commodities, including 31 gallons for beer, 40 gallons for whiskey or kerosene, and 42 gallons for petroleum. The general standard for liquids is 31.5 gal or half a hogshead.
The stone remains widely used in the United Kingdom and Ireland for human body weight: in those countries people may commonly be said to weigh, e.g., "11 stone 4" (11 stones and 4 pounds), rather than "72 kilograms" as in most of the other countries, or "158 pounds", the conventional way of expressing the same weight in the US and in Canada. [38]
The US fluid ounce is based on the US gallon, which in turn is based on the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches that was used in the United Kingdom prior to 1824. With the adoption of the international inch , the US fluid ounce became 1 ⁄ 128 gal × 231 in 3 /gal × (2.54 cm/in) 3 = 29.573 529 5625 mL exactly, or about 4.08% larger than the ...
This wine was later called Claret or Bordeaux, and its specific gravity as compared with distilled water was 9,935 to 10,000, and weighed 250 troy grains per cubic inch. Mr. Adams continues his calculation to state that these eight pounds weighed 54,000 Troy grains, which divided by 250 gives a wine gallon of 216 cubic inches, which is very ...