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Human branding or stigmatizing is the process by which a mark, usually a symbol or ornamental pattern, is burned into the skin of a living person, with the intention of the resulting scar making it permanent. This is performed using a hot or very cold branding iron.
At the same time, the normal force will deform both objects, just as with the static situation. If the normal force is low, the ball will rub against the plate but not permanently alter its surface. The rubbing action will create friction and heat, but it will not leave a mark on the plate.
The branding iron consisted of an iron rod with a simple symbol or mark which was heated in a fire. After the branding iron turned red-hot, the cowhand pressed the branding iron against the hide of the cow. The unique brand meant that cattle owned by multiple owners could then graze freely together on the commons or open range.
Apotropaic marks, also called 'witch marks' or 'anti-witch marks' in Europe, are symbols or patterns scratched on the walls, beams and thresholds of buildings to protect them from witchcraft or evil spirits. They have many forms; in Britain they are often flower-like patterns of overlapping circles. [25] such as hexafoils.
Flame cleaning, also known as flame gouging, [1] is the process of cleaning a structural steel surface by passing an intensely hot oxyacetylene flame over it. Mill scale and rust are removed by the reducing effect of the flame and the action of the heat, leaving the surface in a condition suitable for wire brushing and painting.
You can see for miles atop the granite cliffs 200 feet above Furnace Pond in Killingly, Conn., and explore where an iron furnace and forge once stood.
Once the equipment is machined and returned to use, the parent metal is always significantly weaker. Often, the site of the original repair then subsequently fails. The metal stitching repair process however tends to maintain alignment of original surfaces, since the lack of heat during the repair produces no distortion of the completed repair.
The UK marks are called 'fire insurance plaques'. The first to use the mark was the Sun Fire Office which was established in 1710. [2] Some period specimens remain on historical buildings in the older areas of Britain's and America's cities and larger towns. Cast metal plaques were made of iron, lead, or sometimes brass.