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Maximum Demand Indicator (MDI) is an instrument for measuring the maximum amount [clarification needed] of electrical energy required by a specific consumer during a given period of time. [1] MDI instruments record the base load requirement of electrical energy .
Since electrical energy is a form of energy that cannot be effectively stored in bulk, it must be generated, distributed, and consumed immediately. When the load on a system approaches the maximum generating capacity, network operators must either find additional supplies of energy or find ways to curtail the load, hence load management.
The Common Information Model (CIM) is an electric power transmission and distribution standard developed by the electric power industry. It aims to allow application software to exchange information about an electrical network. [1] It has been officially adopted by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
The base load [2] (also baseload) is the minimum level of demand on an electrical grid over a span of time, for example, one week. This demand can be met by unvarying power plants [ 3 ] or dispatchable generation , [ 4 ] depending on which approach has the best mix of cost, availability and reliability in any particular market.
In electrical engineering the load factor is defined as the average load divided by the peak load in a specified time period. [1] It is a measure of the utilization rate, or efficiency of electrical energy usage; a high load factor indicates that load is using the electric system more efficiently, whereas consumers or generators that underutilize the electric distribution will have a low load ...
A load-following power plant, regarded as producing mid-merit or mid-priced electricity, is a power plant that adjusts its power output as demand for electricity fluctuates throughout the day. [1] Load-following plants are typically in between base load and peaking power plants in efficiency, speed of start-up and shut-down, construction cost ...
Electrical substation. Load balancing, load matching, or daily peak demand reserve refers to the use of various techniques by electrical power stations to store excess electrical power during low demand periods for release as demand rises. [1] The aim is for the power supply system to have a load factor of 1.
Load forecasting (electric load forecasting, electric demand forecasting). Although " load " is an ambiguous term, in load forecasting the "load" usually means demand (in kW ) or energy (in kWh ) and since the magnitude of power and energy is the same for hourly data, usually no distinction is made between demand and energy. [ 16 ]