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A wide character refers to the size of the datatype in memory. It does not state how each value in a character set is defined. Those values are instead defined using character sets, with UCS and Unicode simply being two common character sets that encode more characters than an 8-bit wide numeric value (255 total) would allow.
In most implementations, wchar_t is at least 16 bits, and so all 16-bit encodings, such as UCS-2, can be stored. If wchar_t is 32-bits, then 32-bit encodings, such as UTF-32, can be stored. (The standard requires a "type that holds any wide character", which on Windows no longer holds true since the UCS-2 to UTF-16 shift.
A basic_string is guaranteed to be specializable for any type with a char_traits struct to accompany it. As of C++11, only char, wchar_t, char16_t and char32_t specializations are required to be implemented. [16] A basic_string is also a Standard Library container, and thus the Standard Library algorithms can be applied to the code units in ...
Variant is a data type in certain programming languages, particularly Visual Basic, OCaml, [1] Delphi and C++ when using the Component Object Model. It is an implementation of the eponymous concept in computer science .
Character / Character string CHAR – Single-byte character (1 byte, limited to characters 0 to 255 of ISO/IEC 10646) WCHAR – Double-byte character (2 byte, limited to characters 0 to 65535 of ISO/IEC 10646) STRING – Variable-length single-byte character string. Literals specified with single quote, 'This is a STRING Literal'
A value greater than \U0000FFFF may be represented by a single wchar_t if the UTF-32 encoding is used, or two if UTF-16 is used. Importantly, the universal character name \u00C0 always denotes the character "À", regardless of what kind of string literal it is used in, or the encoding in use. The octal and hex escape sequences always denote ...
Generally, var, var, or var is how variable names or other non-literal values to be interpreted by the reader are represented. The rest is literal code. Guillemets (« and ») enclose optional sections.
The first kind, contained within double quotes, produces a null-terminated array of type const char. The second kind, defined as L"", produces a null-terminated array of type const wchar_t, where wchar_t is a wide-character of undefined size and semantics.