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Four-stroke cycle used in gasoline/petrol engines: intake (1), compression (2), power (3), and exhaust (4). The right blue side is the intake port and the left brown side is the exhaust port. The cylinder wall is a thin sleeve surrounding the piston head which creates a space for the combustion of fuel and the genesis of mechanical energy.
The Diesel cycle is assumed to have constant pressure during the initial part of the combustion phase (to in the diagram, below). This is an idealized mathematical model: real physical diesels do have an increase in pressure during this period, but it is less pronounced than in the Otto cycle.
The ignition source of a diesel engine is the heat generated by the compression of the air in the cylinder, rather than a spark as in gasoline engines. The dieseling phenomenon occurs not just because the compression ratio is sufficient to cause auto-ignition of the fuel, but also because a hot spot inside the cylinder (spark plug electrode ...
The two-cycle modes are currently being researched at Ricardo Consulting Engineers in the UK. The concept consists in switching from one mode to the other depending on the rpm value. The four-stroke engine is more efficient when running at full throttle, while the opposite is the case for the two-stroke engine.
Facing the new American, European, Japanese or Chinese regulation, more and more stringent concerning CO 2 emissions, exhaust heat recovery sounds like one of the most efficient ways to recover a free energy, since heat is generated in many ways by the engine. Numerous companies develop systems based upon a Rankine Cycle:
Data from Aircraft Diesels: Chapter 3 - The Guiberson Diesel General characteristics Type: 9-cylinder air-cooled radial diesel piston engine Bore: 5.125 in (130.18 mm) Stroke: 5.5 in (139.70 mm) Displacement: 1,021 cu in (16.73 L) Length: 38.6 in (980 mm) including starter Diameter: 47.125 in (1,197.0 mm) Dry weight: 653 lb (296 kg) Designer: F. A. Thaheld Components Valvetrain: two pushrod ...
Scavenging is the process of replacing the exhaust gas in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine with the fresh air–fuel mixture (or fresh air, in the case of direct-injection engines) for the next cycle. If scavenging is incomplete, the remaining exhaust gases can cause improper combustion for the next cycle, leading to reduced power ...
The Series 53 was introduced in 1957; in 1961, the 4-53 and 6V-53 were introduced as options for the 1962 model year Chevrolet-branded medium and heavy duty trucks. [1]: 64 Production of Series 53 engines ended in the 1990s along with other two-stroke Detroit Diesel designs, as tightening emissions regulations could not be met with their design.