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Bladder spasms, painful contractions of the bladder, can cause leakage from the stoma or the urethra [30] and may need to be treated with medication called an antispasmodic. [ 33 ] Urinary tract infections: Urinary tract infections can be a concern in people who use catheters due to incomplete emptying or catheter contamination from the hands ...
The appendix is also used for the construction of an efferent urinary conduit, in an operation known as the Mitrofanoff procedure, [26] in people with a neurogenic bladder. The appendix is also used as a means to access the colon in children with paralysed bowels or major rectal sphincter problems.
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Disorders of bladder function may be dealt with surgically, by redirecting the flow of urine or by replacement with an artificial urinary bladder. The volume of the bladder may be increased by bladder augmentation. An obstruction of the bladder neck may be severe enough to warrant surgery. Ultrasound can be used to estimate bladder volumes. [31 ...
The lower portion is the pelvic cavity, and it contains the urinary bladder, the rest of the large intestine (the lower portion), and the internal reproductive organs. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] There is no membrane that separates out the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity, so the terms abdominal pelvis and peritoneal cavity are sometimes used.
Tail end of human embryo, from eight and a half to nine weeks old. 1 - 7: Homologous male and female pelvic organs. Diagrams that show the development of male and female organs from a common precursor.
The anatomy of the human urinary system differs between males and females at the level of the urinary bladder. In males, the urethra begins at the internal urethral orifice in the trigone of the bladder, continues through the external urethral orifice, and then becomes the prostatic, membranous, bulbar, and penile urethra.
integrate with equity, analogous organs of the male and female reproductive systems, clitoris and all its parts included, are based on the latest scientific knowledge of the genitalia, integrate aspects of anatomy and physiology related not only to reproductive, but also to sexual function, are inclusive.”