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The definition of corporate welfare is sometimes restricted to direct government subsidies of major corporations, excluding tax loopholes and all manner of regulatory and trade decisions. Origin of term
In the United States, federal assistance, also known as federal aid, federal benefits, or federal funds, is defined as any federal program, project, service, or activity provided by the federal government that directly assists domestic governments, organizations, or individuals in the areas of education, health, public safety, public welfare, and public works, among others.
These subsidies are part of the energy policy of the United States. According to Congressional Budget Office testimony in 2016, an estimated $10.9 billion in tax preferences was directed toward renewable energy, $4.6 billion went to fossil fuels, and $2.7 billion went to energy efficiency or electricity transmission. [1]
Energy subsidies are measures that keep prices for customers below market levels, or for suppliers above market levels, or reduce costs for customers and suppliers. [1] [2] Energy subsidies may be direct cash transfers to suppliers, customers, or related bodies, as well as indirect support mechanisms, such as tax exemptions and rebates, price controls, trade restrictions, and limits on market ...
Under a narrow definition, fossil fuel subsidies totalled around $1.5 trillion in 2022. [25] Under more expansive definition, they totalled around $7 trillion. [25] They may be tax breaks on consumption, such as a lower sales tax on natural gas for residential heating; or subsidies on production, such as tax breaks on exploration for oil.
Among the likely recipients of the subsidies, Intel has projects underway in Arizona, Ohio, New Mexico, and Oregon that will cost more than $43.5 billion, the paper said.
For example, in the United States, the federal tax code provides a wide range of incentives for corporations, totaling $109 billion in 2011, according to a Tax Foundation Study. [6] The Tax Foundation categorizes US federal tax incentives into four main categories, listed below: [7] Tax exclusions for local bonds valued at $12.4 billion.
The Export–Import Bank of the United States (EXIM) is the official export credit agency (ECA) of the United States federal government. [1] [2] Operating as a wholly owned federal government corporation, [1] the bank "assists in financing and facilitating U.S. exports of goods and services", [1] particularly when private sector lenders are unable or unwilling to provide financing.