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Biphenyl (also known as diphenyl, phenylbenzene, 1,1′-biphenyl, lemonene [4] or BP) is an organic compound that forms colorless crystals. Particularly in older literature, compounds containing the functional group consisting of biphenyl less one hydrogen (the site at which it is attached) may use the prefixes xenyl or diphenylyl .
[1] [2] [3] Most are based on two hydroxyphenyl functional groups linked by a methylene bridge. Exceptions include bisphenol S, P, and M. "Bisphenol" is a common name ; the letter following denotes the variant, which depends on the additional substituents.
The degree of polymerization may be as low as 0.1. [9] The epoxide content of such epoxy resins is of interest. This parameter is commonly expressed as the epoxide number , which is the number of epoxide equivalents in 1 kg of resin (Eq./kg), or as the equivalent weight, which is the weight in grams of resin containing 1 mole equivalent of ...
4-Cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl is a commonly used nematic liquid crystal with the chemical formula C 18 H 19 N. It frequently goes by the common name 5CB. 5CB was first synthesized by George William Gray, Ken Harrison, and J.A. Nash at the University of Hull in 1972 and at the time it was the first member of the cyanobiphenyls.
The synthesis of BPA still follows Dianin's general method, with the fundamentals changing little in 130 years. The condensation of acetone (hence the suffix 'A' in the name) [ 33 ] with two equivalents of phenol is catalyzed by a strong acid, such as concentrated hydrochloric acid , sulfuric acid , or a solid acid resin such as the sulfonic ...
Dihydroxybiphenyl (as known as biphenol) refers to a class of organic compounds consisting of a biphenyl structure with two hydroxyl groups attached. The most common isomers are 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl and 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl.
In enzymology, a biphenyl synthase (EC 2.3.1.177) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: . 3 malonyl-CoA + benzoyl-CoA 4 CoA + 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl + 4 CO 2. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are malonyl-CoA and benzoyl-CoA, whereas its three products are CoA, 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl, and CO 2.
There is no evidence its synthesis occurs naturally. They are classified as persistent organic pollutants. PCBs share the basic chemical structure of biphenyl and one or more of the hydrogen atoms on the aromatic rings are replaced by chlorine atoms. [1] PCBs is in viscous liquid form at normal temperature and has a poor solubility in water.