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A primer (in this sense usually pronounced / ˈ p r ɪ m ər /, [1] sometimes / ˈ p r aɪ m ər /, usually the latter in modern British English [2]) is a first textbook for teaching of reading, such as an alphabet book or basal reader. The word also is used more broadly to refer to any book that presents the most basic elements of any subject. [3]
Instructional design (ID), also known as instructional systems design and originally known as instructional systems development (ISD), is the practice of systematically designing, developing and delivering instructional materials and experiences, both digital and physical, in a consistent and reliable fashion toward an efficient, effective, appealing, engaging and inspiring acquisition of ...
For decades, critics and advocates continued to debate the impact of the sight reading method and the primers that used it. [6] Samuel T. Orton, a neuropathologist, warned educators in his article published in the February 1929 issue of the Journal of Educational Psychology that the look-say method would lead to reading disability. [20]
In education, a curriculum (/ k ə ˈ r ɪ k j ʊ l ə m /; pl.: curriculums or curricula / k ə ˈ r ɪ k j ʊ l ə /) is the totality of student experiences that occur in an educational process. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The term often refers specifically to a planned sequence of instruction, or to a view of the student's experiences in terms of the ...
There is a growing body of research support for Merrill's First Principles of Instruction. In one study, researchers surveyed 140 students at 89 different higher education institutions and discovered that students were 9 times more likely to report that they had mastered learning the course objectives when First Principles of Instruction were used and when they spent ample time and effort ...
Instructional materials, also known as teaching materials, learning materials, or teaching/learning materials (TLM), [1] are any collection of materials including animate and inanimate objects and human and non-human resources that a teacher may use in teaching and learning situations to help achieve desired learning objectives. Instructional ...
Originating in the United States in the late 1970s, instructional theory is influenced by three basic theories in educational thought: behaviorism, the theory that helps us understand how people conform to predetermined standards; cognitivism, the theory that learning occurs through mental associations; and constructivism, the theory explores the value of human activity as a critical function ...
Basal readers are textbooks used to teach reading and associated skills to schoolchildren. [1] Commonly called "reading books" or "readers" they are usually published as anthologies that combine previously published short stories, excerpts of longer narratives, and original works.