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Most people with previous ileal resection and chronic diarrhea will have abnormal SeHCAT tests and can benefit from bile acid sequestrants. [4] People with primary bile acid diarrhea are frequently misdiagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome. [17] When SeHCAT testing is performed, the diagnosis of primary bile acid diarrhea is commonly made.
Antimotility medication has a theoretical risk of causing complications, and although clinical experience has shown this to be unlikely, [43] these drugs are discouraged in people with bloody diarrhea or diarrhea that is complicated by fever. [77] Loperamide, an opioid analogue, is commonly used for the symptomatic treatment of diarrhea. [78]
Antibiotics can also cause diarrhea, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea is the most common adverse effect of treatment with general antibiotics. While bismuth compounds ( Pepto-Bismol ) decreased the number of bowel movements in those with travelers' diarrhea, they do not decrease the length of illness. [ 112 ]
While many different things can cause diarrhea—including infections or a more serious gastrointestinal condition—in most cases, it will go away after a few days without the need for treatment.
Rare causes of chronic diarrhea in young children include a group of genetic mutations known as "congenital diarrhea and enteropathies" (CODEs). This group of genetic disorders usually presents in the first weeks of birth as severe and debilitating diarrhea and can lead to malabsorption, growth failure, and difficulty feeding. [ 13 ]
Signs and symptoms of CDI range from mild diarrhea to severe life-threatening inflammation of the colon. [16]In adults, a clinical prediction rule found the best signs to be significant diarrhea ("new onset of more than three partially formed or watery stools per 24-hour period"), recent antibiotic exposure, abdominal pain, fever (up to 40.5 °C or 105 °F), and a distinctive foul odor to the ...
The cause of dysentery is usually the bacteria from genus Shigella, in which case it is known as shigellosis, or the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica; then it is called amoebiasis. [1] Other causes may include certain chemicals, other bacteria, other protozoa, or parasitic worms. [2] It may spread between people. [4]
Cholera continues to affect an estimated 3–5 million people worldwide and causes 28,800–130,000 deaths a year. [2] [7] To date, seven cholera pandemics have occurred, with the most recent beginning in 1961, and continuing today. [15] The illness is rare in high-income countries, and affects children most severely.