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A single concrete block, as used for construction. Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time. Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, [1] and is the most widely used building material. [2]
Lightweight concrete was designed and used for the construction of structural elements by the pre-Columbian builders who lived in a very advanced civilisation in El Tajin near Mexico City, in Mexico. A detailed study of the composition of the aggregate and binder show that the aggregate was pumice and the binder was a pozzolanic cement made ...
It was founded in 1977 by Abdul Razak Dawood as Design Engineering and Construction Services (Descon) with an investment of Rs. 3.2 million. [2] It received its first contract when Attock Refinery asked to set up a small refinery in 1978. [2] In 1981, it received a four-year project of National Refinery which helped the company to expand. [2]
Today, concrete is one of the most common materials used in infrastructure. There is twice as much concrete used in construction than all other building materials combined. [42] It is the backbone of industrialization, as it is used in bridges, piers, pipelines, pavements, and buildings. [43]
Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site and maneuvered into place; examples include precast beams, and wall panels, floors, roofs, and piles.
This term is applied to housing in South Asia built of substantial material such as stone, brick, cement, concrete, or timber. [1] The term pucca means "solid" and "permanent", from Hindustani पक्का / پکّا pakkā, lit. ' "ripe, cooked, experienced" '. It is contrasted with kutcha housing (कच्जा / کچّا kaččā lit.
Gypsum concrete is a building material used as a floor underlay [45] used in wood-frame and concrete construction for fire ratings, [45] sound reduction, [45] radiant heating, [46] and floor leveling. It is a mixture of gypsum, Portland cement, and sand. [45] One of its advantages is the lightweight nature.
Granolithic screed, also known as granolithic paving [1] and granolithic concrete, [2] is a type of construction material composed of cement and fine aggregate such as granite or other hard-wearing rock. [3] It is generally used as flooring, or as paving (such as for sidewalks).