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The Old Testament consistently uses three primary words to describe the parts of man: basar (flesh), which refers to the external, material aspect of man (mostly in emphasizing human frailty); nephesh, which refers to the soul as well as the whole person or life; and ruach which is used to refer to the human spirit (ruach can mean "wind", "breath", or "spirit" depending on the context; cf ...
Resacralization of nature is a term used in environmental philosophy to describe the process of restoring the sacred quality of nature.The primary assumption is that nature has a sanctified aspect that has become lost in modern times as a result of the secularization of contemporary worldviews.
"The Encounter of Man and Nature. The Spiritual Crisis of Modern Man". Aperture. 15 (2 [58]). [Princeton University Art Museum, Aperture Foundation, Inc.] ISSN 0003-6420. JSTOR 24471556. van Ess, Josef (1969). "The Encounter of Man and Nature. The Spiritual Crisis of Modern Man". Die Welt des Islams. 12 (4). JSTOR: 246. doi:10.2307/1569702.
Such a "recognition that there is something wrong with the moral nature of man is found in all religions." [48]: 141 Augustine of Hippo coined a term for the assessment that all humans are born sinful: original sin. [54] Original sin is "the tendency to sin innate in all human beings". [55]
The set nature of species, and thus the absoluteness of creatures' places in the great chain, came into question during the 18th century. The dual nature of the chain, divided yet united, had always allowed for seeing creation as essentially one continuous whole, with the potential for overlap between the links. [ 1 ]
The Nature and Destiny of Man: A Christian Interpretation (two volumes, 1943) is one of the important works of the American theologian Reinhold Niebuhr. The book is partly based on his 1939 Gifford Lectures. In 1998, the Modern Library ranked it the 18th-greatest non-fiction book of the 20th century. [1]
The meaning of spirituality has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can be found alongside each other. [1] [2] [3] [note 1] Traditionally, spirituality referred to a religious process of re-formation which "aims to recover the original shape of man", [note 2] oriented at "the image of God" [4] [5] as exemplified by the founders and sacred texts of the religions of the world.
Spiritual evolution, also called higher evolution, [1] is the idea that the mind or spirit, in analogy to biological evolution, collectively evolves from a simple form dominated by nature, to a higher form dominated by the spiritual or divine. It is differentiated from the "lower" or biological evolution.