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Floods have hit Jakarta several times in the past, including in 1621, 1654, 1918, 1942, 1976, 1996, 2002, 2007, 2013 and 2015. A significant contributing factor is that a substantial part of Jakarta is low-lying; some 24,000 ha (240 km 2) of the main part of Jakarta are below sea level. [6]
The 2007 Jakarta flood was a major flood in Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia and affected several other areas around the city, such as West Java and Banten.The flood, beginning on February 2, 2007 was a result of heavy rain, deforestation in areas south of the city, and waterways clogged with debris. [2]
The area of the Jakarta Special District is 662 km 2 of land area and 6,977 km 2 of sea area. [2]Jakarta lies in a low, flat basin, averaging 7 metres (23 ft) above sea level; [citation needed] 40% of Jakarta, particularly the northern areas, is below sea level, [3] while the southern parts are comparatively hilly.
The 2021 South Kalimantan floods were a series of floods in the South Kalimantan province of Indonesia. It was the worst flood to affect the region in the last ten years, and the first major flood in the past fifty years. [1] Most of the region affected had never experienced such a flood before. [2] There were 15 deaths while many are missing. [3]
The ReliefWeb Indonesian page provides information on disasters in Indonesia since the mid-1980s. The website of the Java Reconstruction Fund, which was established after the major earthquake in Yogyakarta in 2006, provides useful references about approaches to disaster relief in Indonesia. Disaster displacement: Indonesia country briefing, 2023
On 26 December 2004, a massive earthquake followed by a tsunami affected fourteen nations with Indonesia worst affected. The tsunami killed a total of approximately 230,000 people. [9] A major earthquake in Yogyakarta on 27 May 2006 killed 5,716 people. [10]
Singapore and certain parts of Indonesia were flooded due to the same typhoon. Throughout the week starting 18 December 2006, [2] a series of floods hit Johor, Malacca, Pahang and Negeri Sembilan. During this period, these southern Malaysian states, along with Singapore, experienced abnormally high rainfall which resulted in massive floods.
The BNPB declared a 14-day state of emergency in West Sumatra [14] and distributed a total of Rp 3.2 billion in aid to local governments affected by the floods. [15] They were also involved in searching for missing people in areas near rivers and clearing important roads from large rocks, debris and mud due to flooding.