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The mining activities in these coalfields started in 1894 and had really intensified in 1925. The first Indians to arrive and break monopoly of British in Coal mining were Gujarati railway contractors from Kutch [5] some of whom decided to plunge into the coal mining business and were thus the pioneers in starting coal mining in Jharia coalfields belt around 1890–95. [6]
Jharia coal mines are India's most important storehouse [17] of prime coke coal used in blast furnaces, it consists of 23 large underground and nine large open cast mines. [ 16 ] The mining activities in these coalfields started in 1894 and had really intensified in 1925.
It was incorporated in January, 1972 to operate coking coal mines (214 in number) operating in the Jharia and Raniganj Coalfields and was taken over by the Government of India on 16 October 1971. BCCL contributes 50% of total prime coking coal requirement of steel sector. [ 2 ]
This lists of mines in India is subsidiary to the list of mines article, and future mines in the country and is organised by the primary mineral output. For practical purposes stone, marbles and other quarries may be included in this list. In India, the underground mine to surface mine ratio is 20:80 [citation needed].
An overview of the proposed mining activity plan in Cluster X, a group of 6 mines in the Eastern Jharia Area, as of 2013, is as follows: [4] 1.Bhowrah North colliery, with an underground mine, has a normative production capacity of 0.11 million tonnes per year and a peak production capacity of 0.143 million tonnes per year.
The Lodna Area has mineable reserves of 46.368 million tonnes of coking coal and 618.6 million tonnes of non-coking coal. [23] Western Jharia Area is a predominantly underground mining area, presently with four underground mines. [24] Underground mining in the Eastern Jharia Area has been going on for about a century.
He was attracted to coal mining business due to his connection with Mistris of Kutch, who had taken leadership in Jharia coal mining belt. [3] He started his career as coal agent around 1900, later he entered into coal mining in 1905 [2] when in partnership with Seth Khora Ramji & Brothers, he purchased Pure Jharia Colliery located in Jharia. [3]
Mining in the early days was carried out through manual and semi-manual methods, causing large scale degradation of land, forests and environment, and resulting in mine fires and subsidence. In 1972, the mines of Jharia coalfield were taken over by BCCL from the erstwhile private owners and were reorganised. [1]