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AA amyloidosis is a form of amyloidosis, a disease characterized by the abnormal deposition of fibers of insoluble protein in the extracellular space of various tissues and organs. In AA amyloidosis, the deposited protein is serum amyloid A protein (SAA), an acute-phase protein which is normally soluble and whose plasma concentration is highest ...
Amyloid deposits in tissue can cause enlargement of structures. Twenty percent of people with AL amyloidosis have an enlarged tongue, that can lead to obstructive sleep apnea, difficulty swallowing, and altered taste. [11] Tongue enlargement does not occur in ATTR or AA amyloidosis. [10] Deposition of amyloid in the throat can cause hoarseness ...
AL amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of abnormal antibody free light chains. The abnormal light chains are produced by monoclonal plasma cells, and, although AL amyloidosis can occur without diagnosis of another disorder, it is often associated with other plasma cell disorders, such as multiple myeloma and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. [6]
Light chain amyloidosis: AL Fragments of immunoglobulin heavy chains [22] Heavy chain amyloidosis AH full length of N-terminal fragments of Serum amyloid A protein: AA amyloidosis: AA Transthyretin: Senile systemic amyloidosis, Familial amyloid polyneuropathy, Familial amyloid cardiomyopathy, Leptomeningeal amyloidosis: ATTR β-2 microglobulin
Acute-phase serum amyloid A proteins (A-SAAs) are secreted during the acute phase of inflammation.These proteins have several roles, including the transport of cholesterol to the liver for secretion into the bile, the recruitment of immune cells to inflammatory sites, and the induction of enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix.
Amyloidosis is the accumulation of misfolded protein fibers in the body that can be associated with many chronic illnesses. Even though amyloidosis is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients receiving chronic regular dialysis, it has also been reported in a patient with chronic kidney failure but who never received dialysis.
LECT2 Amyloidosis (ALECT2) is a form of amyloidosis caused by the LECT2 protein. It was found to be the third most common (~3% of total) cause of amyloidosis in a set of more than 4,000 individuals studied at the Mayo Clinic; the first and second most common forms the disorder were AL amyloidosis and AA amyloidosis, respectively.
Familial renal amyloidosis is a form of amyloidosis primarily presenting in the kidney. [1] It is associated most commonly with congenital mutations in the fibrinogen alpha chain and classified as a dysfibrinogenemia (see Hereditary Fibrinogen Aα-Chain Amyloidosis). [2] [3] and, less commonly, with congenital mutations in apolipoprotein A1 [4 ...