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Since the keycode is permanently set into the card at manufacture by the positions of magnetic wires, Wiegand cards cannot be erased by magnetic fields or reprogrammed as magnetic stripe cards can. Many electronic access control locks use a Wiegand interface to connect the card swipe mechanism to the rest of the electronic entry system.
Components of an access control system include: An access control panel (also known as a controller) An access-controlled entry, such as a door, turnstile, parking gate, elevator, or other physical barrier; A reader installed near the entry. (In cases where the exit is also controlled, a second reader is used on the opposite side of the entry.)
The access badge contains a number that is read by a card reader. This number is usually called the facility code and is programmed by the administrator. The number is sent to an access control system, a computer system that makes access control decisions based on information about the credential. If the credential is included in an access ...
Door entry systems allow secure access to buildings and residential complexes, but have become increasingly digitized, making them vulnerable to both physical and remote compromise.
A passive proximity card for door access. A proximity card controlled turnstile A passive proximity card with the plastic casing opened to show components: antenna coil and integrated circuit (black object bottom center) Anatomy of proximity card: coil and IC The proximity card coil of an electronic fare collection system
The Wiegand interface is a de facto wiring standard which arose from the popularity of Wiegand effect card readers in the 1980s. It is commonly used to connect a card swipe mechanism to the rest of an access control system. The sensor in such a system is often a "Wiegand wire", based on the Wiegand effect, discovered by John R. Wiegand. A ...
For example, entry to a room may be controlled by a chip and PIN card and an electronic lock controlled by software. Only those in possession of an appropriate card, with an appropriate security level and with knowledge of the PIN are permitted entry to the room. On swiping the card into a card reader and entering the correct PIN code.
Electric locks may be connected to an access control system, the advantages of which include: key control, where keys can be added and removed without re-keying the lock cylinder; fine access control, where time and place are factors; and transaction logging, where activity is recorded. Electronic locks can also be remotely monitored and ...
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